Between 1803 and 1815, Europe was dominated by a series of wars prompted by the territorial ambitions of Napoleon Bonaparte of France. Different alliances were formed to prevent Napoleon expanding his influence beyond the French border, and battles were fought from Russia to the Iberian Peninsula. Although he did not have practical military experience, George, as Prince Regent, became the figurehead of the opposition to Napoleon, bringing together a conference of allied powers in London in 1814. He was widely credited with the formation of the alliance that finally defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo on 18 June 1815.