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Sydney Prior Hall (1842-1922)

A procession of elephants at Unao c.1876

Pencil | 8.6 x 15.5 cm (whole object) | RCIN 931224

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  • A pencil sketch depicting a procession of elephants at Unao. Annotated by the artist at bottom left: Onao.

    In October 1875 Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, the eldest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert and later King Edward VII (r.1901-10), embarked on an extensive tour of the Indian subcontinent, travelling on HMS Serapis. The Prince of Wales visited more than 21 towns and cities across parts of modern-day India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Nepal before returning to England in May 1876. Albert Edward and his suite went hunting at Unao on 8 January 1876; Russell, 1877 (see below) wrote 'The name of Onao will be remembered by those familiar with the history of 1857-8'. (p.397) He was referring to a battle at Unao between British and Indian forces during the Indian Rebellion, or the First War of Independence (commonly known as the Indian Mutiny). The First War of Independence was sparked in May 1857 by an incident among angered Indian soldiers serving the British East India Company stationed at Meerut. It was soon joined by Bengal Infantry regiments and civilians, spreading across north and north east India to include the cities of Delhi, Agra, Kanpur and Lucknow. Simmering resentment at colonial rule formed the backdrop to the Rebellion. The British East India Company's annexation of lands, crippling taxation and religious intolerance were among the many causes.

    Albert Edward’s tour of India was envisaged as a way of forging diplomatic links between the Indian rulers and the British Crown. The tour was extensively covered in the British press pictorially as well as in the form of descriptive accounts of the royal engagements undertaken by Albert Edward and the entertainments and activities he enjoyed. Though there were controversies before the tour began about its expense and purpose, ultimately from the British perspective it was considered successful and the prince received a warm reception in the places he visited. The response on the Indian subcontinent to Albert Edward's tour, and what it symbolised in terms of imperial rule and colonial relations, was more mixed.

    Gift-giving was an important aspect of Indian diplomacy, and thus while on tour the prince exchanged gifts with the rulers he met. However, the monetary value of the gifts given by Albert Edward was not always commensurate with that of the objects presented to him. Some of the most significant Indian works of art in the Royal Collection today were acquired during this tour. On his return to England, Albert Edward arranged for these to be exhibited to the wider public, first at the South Kensington Museum (now the Victoria & Albert Museum) and then at nine further venues across England, Scotland and Europe. In England and Scotland alone, more than 2.5 million visitors saw the Indian works of art.

    Sydney Prior Hall was a draughtsman and illustrator who worked for the Graphic newspaper, as well as a portrait painter. He was invited to accompany the tour of India made by the Prince of Wales as Special Artist, and his watercolours of India were exhibited in 1876 at the South Kensington Museum along with some of the gifts given to Albert Edward. Many of the drawings Hall made during the tour, including this one (partially), were also reproduced as illustrations to The Prince of Wales's Tour. A Diary in India (1877) by William Howard Russell, a reporter for The Times newspaper who travelled with the prince to India in the capacity of his Honourable Private Secretary. Sydney Prior Hall maintained a friendship with the prince after the tour, and Albert Edward often visited his studio in London.

    This drawing is housed in one of three albums containing sketches relating to the prince's tour of India.
    Provenance

    Acquired by King Edward VII when Albert Edward, Prince of Wales

  • Medium and techniques

    Pencil

    Measurements

    8.6 x 15.5 cm (whole object)


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