The Macartney Embassy: Gifts Exchanged between George III and the Qianlong Emperor
An eighteenth century diplomatic mission yielded exquisite gifts
'Principal Objects Bestowed on the King'
1792-4The Royal Archives hold four original scrolls bearing the list of gifts given by the Qianlong Emperor to George III, which were brought back from Lord Macartney's Embassy to China in 1792–4. The two original edicts were written in Chinese, Manchu and Latin, while the two lists of gifts were written in Chinese and Latin. The texts were probably translated into Latin by Jesuit missionaries living in Beijing. At this time it was forbidden for any Chinese person to teach a foreigner Chinese so the Embassy was highly reliant upon missionaries for communication and translation.