
Revolt and War, 1555-1598
During the reign of Charles’s son, Philip II of Spain (1555-98), the people of the Netherlands rebelled (an episode referred to as the ‘Dutch Revolt’). The Eighty Years War which resulted, 1568-1648, saw the irrevocable division of the northern and southern provinces of the Netherlands: the south remained under Spanish rule, whilst the north became a Republic known as the ‘United Provinces’. By 1600 the worst of the struggle was over and in 1609 a Twelve Year Truce was signed.
Maarten van Heemskerck (Heemskerk 1498-Haarlem 1574)
Jonah Under His Gourd
Maarten van Heemskerck (Heemskerk 1498-Haarlem 1574)
The Four Last Things
Hans Vredeman de Vries (1526-1609)
Christ in the House of Martha and Mary
Pieter Bruegel the Elder (c. 1525-1569)
Massacre of the Innocents
Crispin van den Broeck (1524-91)