Princess Charlotte (1766-1828) was the eldest daughter and fourth child of George III (1738–1820) and Queen Charlotte (1744–1818). Like her sisters, Charlotte led a sheltered early life at Windsor Castle. The king was very attached to his daughters and reluctant to let them marry and leave home.  Princess Charlotte was the first of the sisters to marry. In 1797, aged 31, she became the wife of Prince Friedrich of Württemberg (1754–1816), a 42-year-old widower. When he died in 1816, Charlotte remained in Württemberg where she died in 1828.

It is thought that the artist is Anne Mee (1780/5-1851), the daughter of the artist John Foldsone. She was educated in London and was a protégée and pupil of the portrait painter George Romney. Lady Courtown introduced her to Queen Charlotte, and Charlotte Papendiek, journalist and assistant keeper of the wardrobe to Queen Charlotte, described Anne Mee drawing the queen and princesses at Windsor in 1790. Mee visited frequently after that date. Her portraits are often characterised by large eyes, and by 1804 she was able to ask as much as 40 guineas for a miniature. 

The miniature is set in its original gold locket with a twist of Princess Charlotte’s light brown hair in the back. At the base of the frame is a ribbon cartouche (scroll) engraved: H.R.H. Princess Charlotte / Princess Royal of England, Queen of Württemberg.